Two years later, he, Hans Geiger, and Ernest Marsden conducted the Geiger-Marsden experiment, where they observed alpha particles scattering backwards when fired at a gold foil. In , he became Cavendish Professor of Physics at Cambridge.
Rutherford also coined the term "proton" and theorized about the existence of neutrons, which were discovered by his colleague and former student James Chadwick in Rutherford had an enormous influence on the field of nuclear physics and mentored many future Nobel Prize winners and prominent scientists, including Chadwick, Niels Bohr and Otto Hahn.
He died on October 19, For more information about Rutherford's scientific contributions, visit the Nobel Prize website. Browse our collection of oral histories with workers, families, service members, and more about their experiences in the Manhattan Project. That same year, he was awarded an Exhibition Science Scholarship, enabling him to go to Trinity College at the University of Cambridge as a research student at the Cavendish Laboratory under J. There, he briefly held the world record for the distance over which wireless waves were detected.
During the investigation of radioactivity, he coined the terms alpha, beta and gamma rays. In , Rutherford was awarded his B. There, he did the work that gained him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry , demonstrating that radioactivity was the spontaneous disintegration of atoms. He had been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society back in , and he acted as its President from to He was awarded many prizes and honours, including the Rumford Medal, the Copley Medal, the Bressa Prize, the Albert Medal and the Faraday Medal, as well as countless honorary degrees and doctorates.
Rutherford died unexpectedly in Cambridge on 19 October , aged 66, following an operation for an umbilical hernia. As a British peer, protocol at that time required that he be operated on by a titled doctor, and the delay may well have cost him his life.
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What if the history of the universe were squeezed into the period of one year?
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